Malmö was mentioned the first time 1170 in writing. Back then Malmö was the size of a small village. The first inhabitants of Malmö were fishermen and farmers.
The name Malmö comes from the name Malmhauger, which roughly translated means “sand heaps” The actual City of Malmö came into being at the end of the 13th century. Malmö grew to become a vital commercial centre ruled alternately by Sweden, Denmark and the Hanseatic League.
1332 the Swedish king Magnus Eriksson conquered Malmö and 1360 Valdemar Atterdag took Malmö back to Denmark. In spite of the trial of strength between Denmark and Sweden Malmö was a flourishing trade centre.
Malmö in 1580:
Malmö Castle can be seen at far left, Sankt Petri Church's tower at center
Picture from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
During the 14th century they built the St. Petri church in Malmö and model for the church was Maria church in Lübeck, Germany. The building was completed 1424 after 5 years of construction that started 1319. Today St. Petri church is the oldest building in Malmö, built in the Gothic style and has a 105-metre tall tower.
The first school “Latinskolan” was built in Malmö 1406 and in 1415 Erik av Pommern renewed Malmö's town charter. Erik av Pommern (Eric of Pomerania) granted the City of Malmö its own coat of arms 1437, and this is still the official symbol of the city. Of course, a wee bit different form the original. And, seriously, I think the old one looks better.
Malmö's 1437 grant of arms
Coat of arms
Around 1432 Erik av Pommern start to build the fort Malmöhus and they moved the mint to Malmöhus in the year of 1443 and it got the name Møntergaarden.
The county Malmöhus län was formed 1526. The first county Sheriff, the knight Albret Jepsen Ravensberg started to build a castle on top of the remains of the fort and at 1529 the new castle was ravaged by fire that destroyed the whole thing.
Today's castle (including small parts of the old) was built by the Danish king Christian III 1537-42 and became a stronghold. Stone to the castle was taken from demolished churches in Lund. It was surrounded by a moat and 4 round gun turrets. Top of the line back in the days. This is perhaps the oldest castle of its kind in Scandinavia.
The Treaty of Roskilde was concluded on 26 February (OS) or 8 March 1658 (NS) during the Second Northern War between Frederick III of Denmark–Norway and Carl X Gustav of Sweden in the Danish city of Roskilde. After a devastating defeat, Denmark-Norway was forced to give up a third of its territory to save the rest, the ceded lands comprising Blekinge, Bornholm, Bohuslän (Båhuslen), Scania (Skåne) and Trøndelag, as well as her claims to Halland.
The peace banquet (Fredstaffelet) at Frederiksborg Castle following the signing of the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658
After the treaty entered into force, Swedish forces continued to campaign in the remainder of Denmark-Norway, but had to withdraw from the Danish isles and Trøndelag in face of a Danish-Norwegian-Dutch alliance. The Treaty of Copenhagen restored Bornholm to Denmark and Trøndelag to Norway in 1660, while the other provinces transferred in Roskilde remain Swedish.
The treaty's conditions included:
• The immediate cession of the Danish province Skåne to Sweden.
• The immediate cession of the Danish province Blekinge to Sweden.
• The immediate cession of the Danish province Halland, which under the terms of the Peace of Brömsebro, negotiated in 1645 was then occupied by Sweden for a term of 30 years, to Sweden.
• The immediate cession of the Danish province of Bornholm to Sweden.
• The immediate cession of the Norwegian province of Bohuslän (Båhuslen) to Sweden. This effectively secured for Sweden unrestricted access to western trade.
• The immediate cession of the Norwegian province of Trøndelag, then including Nordmøre and Romsdal, to Sweden.
• Danish renunciation of all anti-Swedish alliances.
• Danish prevention of any warships hostile to Sweden passing through the straits into the Baltic.
• Restoration of the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp to his estates.
• Danish payment for Swedish occupation forces costs.
• Danish provision of troops to serve Charles in his broader wars.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1658 Skåne became Swedish and thus the castle. The reason that the Kungsparken next to the castle is preserved is because they wanted to have a free artillery range from the castle. During King Karl XI war in Skåne the university of Lund moved to Malmöhus castle 1676 but had to close down.
When the Danish army took Malmö in the summer 1677 the castle resisted the Danish army and stayed Swedish during the war 1675-79.
At the peace 1679 when the work began to make Skåne Swedish Malmöhus castle became the residence for the Swedish governor-general. In connections with the plan to make Landskrona the capital of Skåne Malmöhus castle lost its military importance during the 18th century and was used as a prison until 1914.
Malmöhus Castle, an evocative moated fortress, can be found at the northern edge of Kungsparken and Slottsparken. Malmöhus is Scandinavia's oldest surviving renaissance castle, and a reminder of Malmö's Danish period.
Today, this building is home to the Malmö Museum. I can't remember ever have been there visiting, but it might be worth a visit if you're in Malmö.
The first hymn-book in Denmark was published in Malmö 1528. Stortorget is the oldest square in and was built by Jörgen Kock during 1530. Before there was a monastery “Helgeandsklostret” on the site. But during the reformation the powerful Mayor Jörgen Kock could tear down the monastery and build Stortorget. They started to demolish the monastery in 1936 and they were ready in 1538. Stortorget became one of the biggest squares in Scandinavia and as Malmö was one of the biggest cities in Scandinavia they starte to build a new City Hall on the east side of the square.
The reformation
a 16th-century movement for the reform of abuses in the Roman Church ending in the establishment of the Reformed and Protestant Churches.
The roots of the Reformation go back to the 14th-century attacks on the wealth and hierarchy of the Church made by groups such as the Lollards and the Hussites. But the Reformation is usually thought of as beginning in 1517 when Martin Luther issued ninety-five theses criticizing Church doctrine and practice. In Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Saxony, Hesse, and Brandenburg, supporters broke away and established Protestant Churches, while in Switzerland a separate movement was led by Zwingli and later Calvin.
Stortorget 1859 by Ludvig Messman - The City Hall
By Ludvig Messmann - Scanned from the book Malmö, Liljeroth, 1954., Public Domain, Link
In in 1546 they built the City Hall (Town Hall) at Stortorget, just north of the Sankt Petri Church. Built as the 16th century home of the former Danish mayor Jörgen Kock The building has been changed several times since 1546. Today it's only the cellar-vault left from the original building. Back in the days they kept criminals in the cellar-vault and they had a bar in the next room. Must have been nice to be in prison there, on bread and water when there was a party in the room next to you.
Malmö Town Hall - Old postcard from 1906
Stortorget became the biggest market place in Scandinavia and on Stortorget you find a statue of the Swedish king Karl X that took Skåne from Denmark. In 1590 Stortorget (Big Square) got too small and the built Lilla Torg (Little Square) And still today, you can see old houses from 16th century here.
Lilla Torg in Malmö - Postcard from what looks to be in the 1960's
Lilla Torg in Malmö - Postcard from 1994
After 1658 when Skåne, Halland och Blekinge became Swedish the population in Malmö decreased to one third. 1711 the plague reaches Malmö. Not until the industrialization at the end of the 19th century the population increased and became the 3rd city in Sweden and an industrial centre at the 20th century.
Sewerage canals were dug in the city centre at the beginning of the 19th century. The only local river, the small Sege River, runs beyond the city centre. In 1850 Malmö was a small town with approximately 13 000 inhabitants. The well-off burghers lived in the centre in brick houses, and the workers and poor people lived in crowded, cold, draughty and damp tenement houses.
Gustaf Adolfs Torg in Malmö - Well, horses on the streets, so a long time ago
Gustaf Adolfs Torg in Malmö - Postcard from a long time ago
Filth was a part of everyday life; human and animal waste was collected by farmers and utilized as fertilizers, but leaking privies and stables caused a stench. Attempts were made to get rid of this stench with gutters, which conducted the wastewater by gravity to drainage or infiltration ditches.
The modern development of the city dates from the late 18th century, when merchant Frans Suell took the initiative to construct a proper harbour in Malmö. Since then, the city has been growing steadily. In the course of the late 19th century, it became one of the most important industrial cities in northern Europe. The Kockums Shipyard was its main industry, together with a substantial textile and ready-to-wear market.
Kronprinsen (Swedish: The Crown Prince) is the name of a landmark high-rise tower located in Västra Innerstaden. The high-rise tower itself is commonly referred to as Kronprinsen. The tower is 82 meters high (excluding antennae), has 27 floors, and its façade is covered with blue tiles. The complex is called Kronprinsen because there were barracks of the royal regiment at its location.
Built in 1964 and Kronprinsen was the first high-rise in Sweden. It was also the tallest building in Malmö for just over four decades before they built the Turning Torso that was ready in August 2005. Even I remember Kronprinsen from when I lived in Malmö back in the 60's
Airport Malmö Bulltofta opened in September 1923. The route Malmö–Copenhagen, started in 1924, was the world's shortest. During the 1930s, Bulltofta came to be an important European airport, with connections to England, France and the Netherlands. But the runways were not paved until 1952.
During World War II, the airfield served as the base for the F 10 fighter wing, whose main task was to intercept German and Allied aircraft violating Swedish airspace. Because of the close distance between Malmö and the German coast, Sweden's declared neutrality, and an agreement between the American Bomber Command and the Swedish government, many heavily damaged Allied bomber aircraft came to land at Bulltofta (instead of trying to make the longer trip back to their own airfields in England); these forced landings occurred mostly during the spring and summer of 1944.
Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 130 was an aircraft hijacking which took place in Sweden and subsequently in Spain on 15 and 16 September 1972. While en route from Torslanda Airport in Gothenburg to Stockholm Arlanda Airport, three armed members of the Croatian National Resistance (CNR) forcefully took control of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9-21 aircraft and redirected it to Bulltofta Airport in Malmö. There was a crew of four and eighty-six passengers on the Scandinavian Airlines System aircraft.
SAS Flight 130 hijacked at Bulltofta
Anyway, Airport Malmö Bulltofta moved to Sturup in 1972, never mind, most people choose to fly from Copenhagen International Airport Kastrup. The moved the airport to Sturup in 1972. And I have never been to Sturup airport.
Airport Malmö Bulltofta BUA, View of Bulltofta Airport, Malmö, 1920s
Kockum shipyard has it origin in the industries that Mr. F H Kockum built in Malmö 1840. The production included several
F. H. Kockum
was born in Malmö 27th of September 1802. F. H. Kockum had no founds when his father died 1825.
F. H. Kockum
But with help from relatives and friends he could take over the tobacco company that his mother's father had founded. He understood how to expand this company and it was considered the biggest in Sweden 1866.
He bought Holmen in Malmö 1838 and he established Kockum engineering workshop 1840-41. F. H. Kockum died in Malmö 12th of February 1875.
products among others railway wagons.
The first ship was delivered 1873. During the 1950 - 60 the shipyard expand to on of the biggest in the world. At the end of the 70's the crisis hit Kockum and the Swedish government took over the yard and made it a part of Svenska Varv.
From 1986 the yard is only building military ships.
When Kockum built their gantry crane “Goliath” 1974 it was one of the biggest shipyard cranes in the world. It could lift 1500 ton 105m up. The crane was 136m height and weight 7200 ton.
2002 they dismantled it and sold it. There was plans for a restaurant on top of it, but imagine the cost just to maintain the crane every year, takes a lot of tax money.
Last time they used the crane in Kockums was in 1997 when it lifted the foundations of the high pillars of the Øresund Bridge. The crane had been used to build about 75 ships.
The crane was first sold in the early 1990s to the Danish company Burmeister & Wain but the company went bankrupt before the crane could be moved. The crane was a landmark of Malmö from its time of construction until it’s dismantling in the summer of 2002, when it was shipped to Ulsan, after being sold to Hyundai Heavy Industries for $14 million.
The Koreans have dubbed the crane “Tears of Malmoe”, due to the notion that the residents of Malmö wept when they saw their crane being towed away. 30th of July 2002 they started to dismantle the gantry crane at Kockum shipyard. In September they will ship the crane on a ship to Ulsan, South Korea.
4th of October 2002 the crane had just entered the Mediterranean and was close to Palma de Mallorca with ETA Suez 8th of October.
The crane left Malmö 26th of September 2002 and had ETA Ulsan 4th of November 2002. The ship transporting the crane is the Mighty Servant 3.
Kockums crane - Time-lapse
Today you don't see any workers leaving Kockums after work coming from the harbour, now its student. It's very good for a country with a good education system and to have an educated population. But we need industries to be able to afford the education of the population. And if all the factories should be in countries with slave labour we don’t stand a chance no matter how much education we have.
Older industries have been replaced by investments in new technology and training programmes of high calibre.
Malmö University, which opened in 1998, is Sweden's latest venture in the field of higher education, accommodating some 15000 students.
Pildammsparken with the old water tower
Picture from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
There are plenty parks in Malmö. Kungsparken and Slottsparken and Pildammsparken is popular for picnic’s in Malmö. Ribersborg (Ribersborgs kallbadhus in Swedish, also known as Ribban) is the long sand beach in Malmö within walking distance from the railway station. In pamphlets they call Ribersborg beach for “Copacabana in Scandinavia” I wonder where they come up with all this b.........
The bath was inaugurated in June 1898 with initiative by C.A. Richter, who bought the old bathhouse at Nyhamn port, which was being sold because of the port's expansion.
Four years later a storm damaged the new bath during Christmas and it was rebuilt. During the refurbishment a diving tower was added to the men's department, with a view of the strait and the women's department. During the 1930s it was modernised with nude bathing and confidentiality was added between the departments. In 1966, the City of Malmö purchased the baths. It was again damaged by a storm in 1988 and in 1995 it was declared a historic building.
Ribersborgs kallbadhus 2009
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Early-september 2012 aerial view of central Malmö
Click HERE for bigger picture
Picture from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Paddle-steamer Caledonia did her maiden voyage to Copenhagen 1828. And in the summer of 2002 the ferry traffic to Copenhagen stops because of the Øresund bridge (Øresund link) between Sweden and Denmark. Read more about the ferry traffic on Øresund by clicking HERE.
In 1856 Malmö Central Station opens up and the first train leaves Malmö bound for Lund. Back in 1856 the area was on the outer edge of the city, but was convenient as it was just next to the ferry jetty Copenhagen-bound ferries. Yes, just stepping out from the train station, cross the street and I was at the Copenhagen ferry terminal.
They built more and more track and they built a new train shed with four new tracks that opened in 1891. Malmö Central Station became the station's official name in 1926.
The Railway station in Malmö was what we call a bag station. That means the train arriving from the north has to leave to the north again and go around Malmö to go South. The bridge is south of Malmö so the wanted to build a tunnel under Malmö so the train can pass the station on the way from Oslo/ Gothenburg to Copenhagen/ Hamburg.
In March 2005, excavation began on a new railway connection called the City Tunnel, which opened for traffic on 4 December 2010. Now the train pass under Malmö, just like in Helsingborg No need to go around Malmö anymore.
The Öresund bridge was ready 2000 and now there are commuter train between Malmö and Copenhagen and they leave very often during the day time.
Steam engine from 1856 built by Beyer & Peacock in England
The steam engine leaving Malmö for Lund the first time
Malmö Central Station 2016
And now we can see that it is a underground station “Tunnel”
SJ train on the left hand side and a Øresundtåg on the right hand side
Malmö Central Station 2016
And now we can see that it is a underground station “Tunnel”
Nisse's Herrmode in Malmö
Svedala, is a small town outside Malmö. And the only reason Svedala goes down the history books is because of Mr. Nils Perlman that started Nisse's in Svedala 1938.
The company have been owned by the family since the start.
Mr. Nisse himself was not a small guy and he had, well, trouble to find clothes fitting. So he came up with the idea to sell clothes for grownups and the rest is history. And they have provided me with a very good service whenever I have visited one of their shops.
I remember one time in Gothenburg, I was with John B to buy furniture. We were running out of time (I was embarrassed to go to Nisse's) and we were going for a few beers. I needed a pair of trousers and I sent John B to Nisse's Herrmode around the corner.
He asked for trousers, I had given him the size, they told him that that was a “NORMAL” size at Nisse's
Malmö Fotbollförening, also known simply as Malmö FF, Malmö, or (especially locally) MFF is the best soccer club in Sweden and was founded on 24 February 1910.
MFF is the most successful club in Sweden in terms of trophies won, the club have won the most Swedish championship titles, twenty, a record twenty-three league titles, and a record fourteen national cup titles. The club won their first Championship in 1944
Swedish champions 15 times:
1944, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1986, 1988, 2004- 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 - Updated 2018, they just keep on winning
League champions Allsvenskan(17 times the championship was decided by a play-off 1982-1990):
1944, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989. - 2004, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 - Updated 2018, they just keep on winning
International honours:
• runners-up in the European Champions Cup (today called Champions League) in 1979, lost 0-1 in the final against Nottingham Forest
• participation in the European Champions Cup 11 times
• participation in the European Cup-Winners Cup 6 times
• participation in the UEFA Cup 14 times
• participation in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 27 times
Stadium: Malmö Stadion, capacity 26,500
Colours: Sky blue shirts, white shorts, white socks
The most notable other sports team is the ice hockey team Malmö Redhawks. They were the creation of millionaire Percy Nilsson back in the 1990's.
They quickly rose to the highest rank in the early to mid-1990s and won two Swedish championships and every time the beat Frölunda Björn and John B were angry like bees. The best hockey team in Sweden, MIF
Denmark and Trøndelag to Norway in 1660, while the other provinces transferred in Roskilde remain Swedish.
Bridge. The crane had been used to build about 75 ships.
books is because of Mr. Nils Perlman that started Nisse's in Svedala 1938.
