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Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา

Not to be confused with Long-billed crow.

The Large-billed Crow (Corvus macrorhynchos), formerly referred to widely as the jungle crow, is a widespread Asian species of crow. It is very adaptable and is able to survive on a wide range of food sources, making it capable of colonizing new areas, due to which it is often considered a nuisance, especially on islands.

It has a large bill, which is the source of its scientific name macrorhynchos (Ancient Greek for "large beak") and it is sometimes known by the common name thick-billed crow. It can also be mistaken for a common raven. Johann Georg Wagler first described the species from a holotype obtained from Java in the year 1827.

The eastern jungle crow and Indian jungle crow were once considered conspecific and together called the jungle crow.

Jungle crow has been split into the following species:

• Large-billed Crow, Corvus macrorhynchos

• Eastern jungle crow, Corvus levaillantii

• Indian jungle crow, Corvus culminatus


The eastern jungle crow (Corvus levaillantii) is a bird in the family Corvidae. It is found in China, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan, and Thailand.

Distribution and habitat The range of this species is extensive and stretches from the northeastern Asian seaboard to Afghanistan and eastern Iran in the west, through South and Southeast Asia, to the Lesser Sundas and Cambodia in the southeast.

It occurs in woodland, parks and gardens, cultivated regions with at least some trees, but is a bird of more open country in the south of its range where it is not in competition with the common raven and carrion crow of the north.

Ornithological Portal Oiseaux.net

Ornithological Portal Oiseaux.net
Range map from www.oiseaux.net - Ornithological Portal Oiseaux.net
www.oiseaux.net is one of those MUST visit pages if you're in to bird watching. You can find just about everything there

Range Map
Corvus macrohynchos Range map
CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=485523


Subspecies
It has nine subspecies, and some of them are distinctive vocally, morphologically and genetically, leading to treatments that raise some of them into species status.

• C. m. colonorum
• C. m. connectens
• C. m. intermedius
• C. m. japonensis
• C. m. macrorhynchos
• C. m. mandschuricus
• C. m. osai
• C. m. philippinus
• C. m. tibetosinensis


Description
The overall size (length: 46–59 cm) and body proportions vary regionally. In the far northeast in Japan, the Kuriles and the Sakhalin peninsula, it is somewhat larger than the carrion crow. All taxa have a relatively long bill with the upper one quite thick and arched, making it look heavy and almost raven-like.

Generally, all taxa have dark greyish plumage from the back of the head, neck, shoulders and lower body. Their wings, tail, face, and throat are glossy black. The depth of the grey shading varies across its range.

Length: 46–59 cm
Wingspan:
Weight: 450 - 1000 g
Longevity:
Distinctive Feature

Similar Species

• Very similar to Slender-billed Crow. Note the concealed culmen base in Large-billed Crow, the longer tail in flight and the more obviously fingered primaries. May also be confused with Carrion Crow and Common Raven in parts of its range.

From opus at www.birdforum.net the forum for wild birds and birding.
Female / Male / Juvenile

• Sexes similar. Juveniles with less glossy plumage and a smoky blue iris.

From opus at www.birdforum.net the forum for wild birds and birding.


I was sitting on a bench in Lumpini park when I heard scream from the toilet. Turned out to be a Large-billed Crow annoying people. They chased the bird and it landed on a bicycle outside the toilet.

They scared away the bird and it landed on a girl on a bicycle and I managed to get a few bad pictures. Then the bird landed next to me on the bench. Too close for pictures so I took pictures with my phone and then I realized that I could make a video

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow / อีกา landing on a bike
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
The crow annoying a girl on a bicycle
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020



Ecology and behaviour
Diet
Extremely versatile in its feeding, it will take food from the ground or in trees. They feed on a wide range of items and will attempt to feed on anything appearing edible, alive or dead, plant or animal. It is also one of the most persistent species and is quite bold, especially in urban areas. In Japan, crows are considered to be a pest, as they rip open garbage bags and take wire coat hangers for their nests.

In Sri Lanka, Karunarathna & Amarasinghe (2008) noted that the jungle crow might actually be a, if not the, major predator of local small animals; jungle crows are highly experienced at catching lizards, taking only 45 minutes to find, catch and consume four critically endangered endemic lizards in Horton Plains National Park.

Food caching behaviour has been noted in ssp. culminatus.

Large-billed Crow - อีกา finding food on the water
Chanthaburi, Thailand - August 2018
Original video is erased so I cannot change it to Large-billed Crow in the video

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow - อีกา finding food on the water
Chanthaburi, Thailand - August 2018

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow - อีกา finding food on the water

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow - อีกา finding food on the water
Chanthaburi, Thailand - August 2018

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow - อีกา chasing a Kite for food
Chanthaburi, Thailand - August 2018

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow / อีกา eating water melon
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow / อีกา eating water melon
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Large-billed Crow / อีกา eating water melon
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020

Large-billed Crow / อีกา eating water melon
Lumpini Park in Bangkok, Thailand - August 2020


Breeding
The nest is a platform of twigs, usually high up on a tree with a preference for tall conifers like fir or pine. There are normally 3-5 eggs laid and they are incubated for 17–19 days. The young are fledged usually by about the 35th day. In India, the Large-billed Crow breed from March to May, but in the plains some of them start even in mid December.

The nest is built in a fork of a tree, and is a shallow cup of sticks, sometimes neat and well made, sometimes sketchy and ragged; it is lined with grass roots, wool, rags, vegetable fibre, and similar materials. Some nests have been found to be built partly or exclusively of wire.

Clutch of a Large-billed Crow in the Philippines. They usually nest very high up in a tree, but this particular nest was only 8 meters from the ground. The normal clutch consists of four or five eggs, and rarely six or seven. The egg is a broad oval, rather pointed at the smaller end. The texture is hard and fine and there is a fair gloss.

The ground colour is any shade of blue-green, and is blotched, speckled and streaked with dull reddish-brown, pale sepia, grey and neutral tint. In size the eggs average about 1.45 by 1.05 inches. The jungle crow can serve as a host for the Asian koel.

Roosting
Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Voice
The voice is similar to the House Crow to which it is closest, but deeper and usually more resonant and described as the usual loud "caa-haa-caa". However, it makes a range of calls, some which could be described as "cau cau" and others that could be mistaken for a woodpecker drumming.

Listen to the Large-billed Crow

Remarks from the Recordist

Large-billed Crows were engaging in confrontation with a number of Bushy-crested Hornbills when this vocalisation was recorded.



Remarks from the Recordist

The birds at Chiew Larn appear to have smallish bills and may in fact be C. levaillantii. Phylogeny and distribution are still not clear. Hopefully recordings will help to clarify.



Remarks from the Recordist

Recorded with my ZOOM H5 Handy Recorder. High Pass Filter applied with Audacity

A group of 50 crows drinking water and I record a few of them sitting above me in a tree



Remarks from the Recordist

Recorded with my ZOOM H5 Handy Recorder. High Pass Filter applied with Audacity

Bird sitting in a tree above me and make some very strange sounds.



Remarks from the Recordist

Recorded with my ZOOM H5 Handy Recorder. High Pass Filter applied with Audacity.

Crow and Asian Pied Starlings eating from some garbage next to the road


www.xeno-canto.org


Large-billed Crow - อีกา - 24 March 2018 - Suan Rot Fai, Bangkok
Original video is erased so I cannot change it to Large-billed Crow in the video

Mortality factors
There are few predators of this species. Filarial parasites have been reported from this species. Pathogenic viruses such as H5N1 have been noted to cause mortality in Japan. Large scale deaths have also been noted to be caused by Clostridium infection and enteritis.

Conservation status
Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos, ハシブトガラス, Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, อีกา
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.



From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

www.birdforum.net


Sighted: (Date of first photo that I could use) 8 March 2018
Location: Sundarban Tiger Reserve, India

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos
Large-billed Crow
19 May 2017 - Udawalawa National Park, Sri Lanka

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos
Large-billed Crow - 5 August 2022
Location: eBird hotspot: Chittagong University Campus (Chattogram), Bangladesh

Large-billed Crow, thick-billed crow, Jungle crow, Corvus macrorhynchos
Large-billed Crow - 5 August 2022
Location: eBird hotspot: Chittagong University Campus (Chattogram), Bangladesh



PLEASE! If I have made any mistakes identifying any bird, PLEASE let me know on my guestbook



       
                  



                                       
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